Special
Nature Reserve “Lake Ludas”
The alluvial basin of Lake Ludas
occupies the sandy terrain between the Danube and the Tisa, at the borderline of the Bačka
loess plateau; it is 4.5 km long and covers 328 hectares. The
low and wide northern coast of the lake is swampy, while the narrow
southern coast is submerged into loess and towers 3-4 metres above
lake surface. The maximum depth of the Lake is 2.25 m, though in most
places it does not exceed 1 m. Shallow water may be frozen for even
more than three months a year, and in summer water temperature may
rise to 30 degrees Centigrade.
Before
water system regulation was introduced, the Lake used to be swampy
– marshy land with alkaline water. The Kireš streamlet, along
with water streams around Čurgo, supplied the Lake with fresh water.
Today, beside precipitation and underground water sources, the Lake
also gets water from the Palic-Ludas and Bega canals, while
superfluent water flows away through the Kireš into the Tisa.
Special
Nature Reserve “Lake Ludas”, covering an area of 633 ha,
is located at the very north of Serbia, in Voivodina, on the territory
of the aMunicipality of Subotica. The
first decree to protect Lake Ludas was passed in 1955. Since 1989 Lake Ludas has been treated as an
area of international importance to birds (IBA N° 33) (539 ha). Most
of the Nature Reserve is covered by the Lake itself. Ludas is a
typical Pannonian steppe lake with alkalic water and significant
annual water level fluctuations, even occasional dry- ups in the
shallower parts of the basin. As a shallow lake with pronounced
bioproduction it belongs to the group of eutrophic waters.
Apart
from the Lake itself, Special Nature Reserve “Lake Ludas”
streches across 800 hectares and covers the surrounding swampy areas
as well. It belongs under the authority of “Palić-Ludas”
Public Utility Company.